Nama : Susanto Nim : 2009.111.378 Reading Comprehension Concept
Reading is the process of constructing meaning from written texts. It is a complex skill requiring the coordination of a number of interrelated sources of information (Anderson et al., 1985).
Reading comprehension is techniques for improving students success in extracting useful knowledge from text. (Mayer, p 34) As defined by Partnership for Reading (2005), Reading comprehension is understanding a text that is read, or the process of "constructing meaning" from a text. Comprehension is a "construction process" because it involves all of the elements of the reading process working together as a text is read to create a representation of the text in the reader's mind.
Reading comprehension - techniques for improving students' success in extracting useful knowledge from text (Mayer, p 34)
As defined by Partnership for Reading (2005), Reading comprehension is understanding a text that is read, or the process of "constructing meaning" from a text. Comprehension is a "construction process" because it involves all of the elements of the reading process working together as a text is read to create a representation of the text in the reader's mind.
References : Mayer, Richard. (2003). Learning and Instruction. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. "Partnership for Reading." http://www.nifl.gov/partnershipforreading/. Retrieved December 11, 2005.
Reading Comprehension is a context to understand how we read, so what the writers want to direct the reader to understand the message the author can understand the reader.
Reading comprehension From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Reading comprehension is defined as the level of understanding of a text. This understanding comes from the interaction between the words that are written and how they trigger knowledge outside the text.
Reading comprehension concept/type · Comprehension monitoring · Cooperative learning · Multiple strategies · Mental imagery / mnemonics · Graphic organizers · Summarization · Semantic organizers including: o story maps o question answering o question generation
Research on Reading Comprehension tells us that...
· Readers who comprehend well are also good decoders o Teach decoding and word recognition strategies · Time spent reading is highly correlated with comprehension o Provide for lots of in-class reading, outside of class reading, independent reading o Encourage kids to read more and read widely - develop a passion for reading
National Reading Panel (2000; see References)
Question: · Does text comprehension instruction improve reading achievement?
Answer: · Yes, but there have been relatively few studies conducted with children in grades K, 1, and 2. · The NRP concluded that the instruction of cognitive strategies improves reading comprehension in readers with a range of abilities.
According to Sholes (2009): Some Purposes for Reading • For pleasure or for personal reasons • To find general information such as what a book is mostly about • To find a specific topic in a book or article • To learn subject matter that is required for a class Reading is one of the activities that are beneficial, if someone likes to read anything be done to achieve that goal. Therefore it seems to me the purpose of reading every individual is different depending on the interest or a need for the reader to get information.
Adopted From: Sholes, Delene (2007/ January 27th, 2007). Reading for Different Purposes. Retried From: http://delene-sholes.suite101.com/reading-for-different-purposes-a91899
for pleasure or for personal reasons to find general information such as what a book is mostly about to find a specific topic in a book or article to learn subject matter that is required for a class
Another purpose for reading calls for reading carefully and slowly. When a student studies for a test, he will want to skim the book or chapter first to see what it covers. Then he will read the headings and subheadings to discover how the book is organized. He should try to make connections between the material and what he already knows.
Once the student has a general idea about the material he wants to learn, he will read the sections carefully. It’s a time to read with a dictionary close by and to check the glossary for words he doesn’t know. After reading the chapter or section carefully, the student will go back and review the material to see if he can answer questions about the text.
A reading strategy called SQ3R gives more information about a method for studying, asking and answering questions, and reviewing material.
Efficient readers have learned to use different strategies for different kinds of reading. They know when it’s OK to read quickly – skipping over some of the words, how to skim for general information, scan for specific information
References
Bruffee, K. A. (1984). Collaborative learning and the "conversation of mankind." College English, 46, 635-52.
Graff, G. (1992). Beyond the culture wars: How teaching conflicts can revitalize American education. New York: W.W. Norton.
Hidi, S., & Anderson, V. (1992). Situational interest and its impact on reading and expository writing. In K. A. Renninger, S. Hidi, & A. Krapp, Eds., The role of interest in learning and development (p. 215-38). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Krashen, S. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. Oxford: Pergamon.
Long, M. H., & Crookes, G. (1992). Three approaches to task-based syllabus design. TESOL Quarterly, 26, 27-56.
Nunan, D. (1993). Task-based syllabus design: Selecting, grading, and sequencing tasks. In G. Crookes, & S. Gass, Eds., Tasks in a pedagogical context: Integrating theory and practice. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Schiefele, U. (1992). Topic interest and levels of text comprehension. In K. A. Renninger, S. Hidi, & A. Krapp, Eds., The role of interest in learning and development (p. 151-82). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Schraw, G., & Dennison, R.S. (1994). The effect of reader purpose on interest and recall. Journal of Reading Behavior, 26, 1-17.
According to Elizabeth K Knutson. U.S. Naval Academy, (dec 1998), different purposes of reading the text, having a purpose means having a reason to read and approaching a text with a particular goal in mind, whether that goal involves learning or entertainment. In both real worl and classroom situations, purpose affects the reader's motivation, interest and manner of reading. So, different purpose of reading is depending on the goals we read before we read when we read we must first have reason to what we read, and we strive to obtain our goal. Differences in the purpose of reading jugadi influenced by the situation, motivation, and also the way we read.
Elizabeth K Knutson. U.S. Naval Academy, (dec 1998),Reading with a Purpose: Communicative Reading Tasks for the Foreign Language Classroom, retrived from http://www.cal.org/resources/digest/reading_digest.html. december 1998.
Name : SILVIA WULAN SARI NIM : 2009 111 104 Class / Semester : Regular B / 6
DIFFERENT PURPOSES OF READING
According to Delene Sholes ( 2009 ) there are some of purposes of reading such as : • for pleasure or for personal reasons • to find general information such as what a book is mostly about • to find a specific topic in a book or article • to learn subject matter that is required for a class. From the explanation, it can be stated that there are some different purposes of reading such as for looking for pleasure, to get important information, to get the main idea from a book or article and as the material to learnt. Adopted from : Sholes, Delene.( 27 January 2009 ). Different Purposes of Reading. Retrieved from : http://delene-sholes.suite101.com/reading-for-different-purposes-a91899
According to wiki-answer (2012) Some different purposes of reading could be:
- To be entertained - To complete a task - To obtain information - To analyze
From the explanation above, it can be concluded that there are many purposes of reading text, it can be for pleasure, such as reading short story or novel. then, it can be for completing the task or exercises, it means after reading, we find out the answer from the reading to complete any exercises from reading text. Next, the purpose of reading can be for getting information, either specific or general information, such as; reading a journal, schedule or reading a contract. The last purpose of reading is analyzing, it means, after reading a text, we can analyze the text, for example reading an advertisement, after that, we can analyze is the product good or bad.
According to Delene Sholes(2009), some Purposes for Reading are:
- For pleasure or for personal reasons - To find general information such as what a book is mostly about - To find a specific topic in a book or article - To learn subject matter that is required for a class
After reading Delene's opinion, we can conclude that the first purpose of reading is for pleasure, it means we can find happiness from the reading activity, the second, the purpose is finding general information, we can do this reading by using skimming strategy to obtain the goal of reading. Then, we can find a specific topic, not only topic but also we can find specific information from book or article. And the last, the purpose of reading is learning the subject that we need. it means we can read the reading text to learn the subject that we need to study.
Sources:
Sholes Delene(2009).SOME PURPOSES FOR READING.Retrieved from: http://delene-sholes.suite101.com/reading-for-different-purposes-a91899 Sources: WIKI-ANSWER (2012).Describe the different purposes.retrieved from:http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Describe_the_different_purposes_you_could_have_for_reading#ixzz1rdxK1kx8
DIFFERENT PURPOSE OF READING according to Stella Cottrell (2008) will need to know how to change quickly from one kind of reading to another.
1. Browsing : looking over a text to see how it ‘feels’, whether it appears to be the right kind of book, what it contains that might be of use, getting a general feel of the contents. You often take in more information when browsing than you may think at the time. 2. Checking: looking in the contents or index to see whether the book contains specific information that you know you want - or which looks useful. 3. Focusing in: allowing yourself to read more closely when you spot something that looks more useful. It is also important to notice when the text is less useful, and to return to browsing. 4. Fact-finding: looking for specific facts and data. 5. Background: This is additional reading, which gives you a sense of the bigger picture. Select texts that are general and which you find inviting or easy to read. Read these selectively and at your own pace. This is best undertaken in vacations if possible. from the explanation, there are some step to change quickly from the reading to another.and make easy one.
adopted from : Cootrell, Stella (22 febuary 2008) .Different Purposes of reading. Retrived from : http://www.palgrave.com/skills4study/studyskills/learning/reading.asp
According to WikiAnswers, there are some purposes of reading: 1. Read for understanding. Studying involves reading to comprehend concepts and details. From the definition, it can be stated read for understanding is between comprehend concepts and details to depend on each other. 2. Read to evaluate critically. It’s mean critical evaluation need a comprehend. 3. Read for practical application. From the statement, to bring together information for specific purpose. 4. Read for pleasure. The material is easy understand and just for entertainment, for example: magazine, novel, etc.
Adopted from:WikiAnswers.(2012).which of four reading purpose didi you employ.Retrieved from: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/which_of_the_four_reading_purposes_did_you_employ
As stated by Grellet (1992: 4), there are two purposes for reading viewed from the reason as follows: 1) Reading for pleasure 2) Reading for information (in order to find out something or in order to do something with the information the reader get).
Another purpose for reading stated by Carnine, Silbert and Kameenui (1990: 45-46): 1) To be able to identify and remember specific facts or a main idea 2) To be able to follow instructions to reach a goal 3) To enjoy 4) To be able to explain the content of a passage to someone else 5) To be able to accommodate the content into the reader’s schema 6) To critique the logic or data presented in a passage 7) To edit a passage according to stylistic and organizational criteria 8) To study according to an assignment or test requirements.
Adopted from Carnine, Douglas.; Silbert, Jerry; and Kameenui, J. Edward. 1990. Direct Instruction Reading. Retrieved from http://books.google.co.id/books?ei=9HGGT4y9EsvKrAeUkYToBg&hl=id&id=w_olAQAAIAAJ&dq=Carnine%2C+Silbert+and+Kameenui+1990&q=reading+purposes#search_anchor
From the explanation above, I concluded that actually there are only two purposes why we read. The first because we want to find some important information that we need. For example, now, as a college I have to search some information that related to my lesson. And after that, after I get bored face so many books, i need something to make my brain fresh again. So, i read a comic. And that is why, the second purpose in reading is for pleasure, for enjoyment. Because when we read it, it brings happiness. Moreover for me... ;)
According to Davies (1995: 133-134), there are some purposes of reading, they are namely: 1. Reading for pleasure : The reader can to follow a narrative and enjoy the ‘sound’ and rhyme of a literary text.
2. Reading for a general impression : The reader gain an idea of the writer’s viewpoint, an overall impression of the ‘tone’ of a text, then decide whether or not to read the text.
3. Reading for organizing reading and study : The reader can to identify the important content of a text, answer a specific question(s), and decide which selection of a text to a start studying.
4. Reading for learning content or procedures : The reader gain an understanding of a new concepts, learn certain facts from a text, and follow instruction.
5. Reading for learning language : The reader can to translate the text, literally or metaphorically, learn new vocabulary, identify useful structures or collocation, use the text as a model for writing, and then practice pronunciation.
Adopted from: Davies.(1995).The Purposes of Reading. Retrieved from: http://sibungsuinred.blogspot.com/2012/03/c-purposes-of-reading.html
Grabe and Stoller (2002) categorize seven purposes of reading such as:
1. Reading to search for simple information It means that the reader reads text to get specific information that he/she needs. Usually, the reader has question in mind, so he/she read text which has correlation with his/her question to get the answer.
2. Reading to skim quickly In this case, the reader reads text to find out the general idea of text without spends much time.
3. Reading to learn from texts Reading to learn from texts means that reading to get knowledge and understanding of the information of texts.
4. Reading to integrate information It means that the reader reads text to integrate the information of text with the information of another text to conclude a complex information.
5. Reading to write Reading to write means that reading to find out information that the reader needs for his/her writing.
6. Reading to critique texts It means that the reader read text because he/she wants to observe the text. He/She reads the text to find out the error of text or to compare his/her opinion with the information in text.
7. Reading for general comprehension Reading for general comprehension means that reading to get general information of text by connect the reader’s previous knowledge with the information of text.
Resource: Grabe, & Stoller. (2002). Reading and Purposes of Reading. Retrieved from: http://repository.upi.edu/operator/upload/t_ing_0808350_chapter2.pdf
According to Grabe and Stoller (2001) in academic settings, we read a variety of purposes such as, read to search for information, read for generl comprehension, read to learn a new information, and read to synthesize and evaluate information.
Based on the explanation above, we can conclude that every people have the different purpose in reading. Before we read something book, we must know what we want to get from that book or what is our purpose. For examples, when we read a sains book, it means that we want to get a new knowledge from that book, and when we read a novel, it means that we just want to get pleasure from that book.
Adopted from : Grabe, William and Stoller, Fredricka L. 2001. Reading for Academic Purposes. Retrieved from : http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu
" DIFFERENT PURPOSES OF READING " According to Delene Sholes (2009), If Teachers want to teach students to read for different purposes.Sometimes it's OK to skip over an unknown word, and sometimes students need to read with a dictionary at their fingertips.If students can get the general sense of a sentence or paragraph without knowing every word, there's no need to interrupt their reading by using a dictionary to find the word's meaning.
Some Purposes For Reading : 1. For pleasure or for personal reasons 2. To find general information such as what a book is mostly about 3. To find a specific topic in a book or article 4. To learn subject matter that is required for a class
Once students have mastered the basic decoding skills, they will begin to read for a variety of purposes.Another purpose for reading carefully and slowly. when a student studies for a test, students will want to skim the book or chapter first to see what it covers.then students will read the headings and subheadings to discover how to the book is organized.Students should try to make connections between the material and what students already knows.
Resource : Reading For Different Purposes : Strategies For Reading Different Kinds of Materials , Suite 101.com http://delene-sholes,Suite 101.com/reading-for-different-purposes-a91899#ixzz1rvMsW3R1.
Sometimes we want to read through material quickly, but we will need to read more carefully when they are reading to learn. Some Purposes for Reading:
for pleasure or for personal reasons to find general information such as what a book is mostly about to find a specific topic in a book or article to learn subject matter that is required for a class
Read more at Suite101: Reading for Different Purposes: Strategies for Reading Different Kinds of Materials | Suite101.com http://delene-sholes.suite101.com/reading-for-different-purposes-a91899#ixzz1rzfmrTHu
In proposing reading, Wallace (1996: 6-7) states three purposes. Those are: 1) Reading for survival 2) Reading for learning 3) Reading for pleasure
According to Wallace, we can conclude that reading has three purposes. It means we read to get the comprehension of the reading text.The comprehension is suitable with our need.In general, we have three needs of reading. They are Reading for survival, reading for learning and reading for pleasure. In my opinion, reading purposes influences to the strategy of reading. If we read for learning we should read the text line by line. And we must understand the whole of the text. But, if we read for pleasure we can read only for the specific things that can makes us happy and get the pleasure. Source Adopted from: Wallace, Catherin. 1996. Reading. Retrieved from: http://books.google.co.id/books?id=haiwBOFuVm0C&pg=PA3&dq=reading+purposes&hl=id&sa=X&ei=xQyJT-riKozIrQfuhtW-Cw&ved=0CEkQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=reading%20purposes&f=false
purpose an intended or desired result; aim; goal. the quality of being determined to do or achieve something; firmness of purpose "his determination showed in his every movement"; "he is a man of purpose" Reading Reading is a city in southeastern Pennsylvania, USA, and seat of Berks County.[1] Reading is the principal city of the Greater Reading Area and had a population of 88,082 as of the 2010 census, making it the fifth most populated city in the state, after Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Allentown and Erie,[2] and the sixth most-populous municipality.[3][4] Overlooking the city on Mount Penn is Reading's symbol, a Japanese-style pagoda visible from almost everywhere in town and referred to locally as "The Pagoda". Built in 1908 as a hotel and restaurant, it remains a popular tourist attraction. Another fixture to Reading's skyline is the William Penn Memorial Fire Tower; One mile from the Pagoda on Skyline Drive. Built in 1939 for fire department and forestry observation, the tower is 120 feet tall, and 950 feet elevation above the intersection of fifth and Penn Streets. From the top of the tower is a 60 mile panoramic view.
NAMA : NAZMIRA AZ ZAHRA NIM : 2009 111 031 purpose Is practical result or effect: to act to good purpose. that which a person sets before himself as an object to be reached or accomplished; the end or aim to which the view is directed in any plan, measure, or exertion; view; aim; design; intention; plan Reading Reading is a complex cognitive process of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension). It is a means of language acquisition, of communication, and of sharing information and ideas. Like all language, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated. The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading_%28process%29 Bainbridge, Joyce; Malicky, Grace (2000). Constructing meaning: balancing elementary language arts. Toronto Canada: Harcourt. ISBN 0-7747-3660-7.
NAMA : KARLINDAH NIM : 2009 111 267. Definition of 'purpose'
purpose a goal or reason for doing sth The purpose of the speech was to give people more information.; I went with the purpose of apologizing. the reason for which something exists or is done, made, etc. http://www.definitions.net/definition/purpose Reading Reading is typically an individual activity, although on occasion a person will read out loud for the benefit of other listeners. Reading aloud for one's own use, for better comprehension, is a form of intrapersonal communication. Reading to young children is a recommended way to instill language and expression, and to promote comprehension of text. Before the reintroduction of separated text in the late Middle Ages, the ability to read silently was considered rather remarkable. See Alberto Manguel (1996) A History of Reading. New York: Viking. The relevant chapter (2) is posted online here. Reading is the third of the four language skills, which are: 1. Listening 2. Speaking 3. Reading 4. Writing What Is Reading? Guide To Reading For English Learners Why reading is important and how you can do it better. The English Alphabet How to recognize English letters Aa to Zz. Reading Test Check how well you understand written English with this online test. Classic English Reading Here are some short, famous texts to read in English from classic sources like the Bible or Shakespeare. There are word definitions and explanations to help you.
Adopted from: Eusebius of Caesarea, The Ecclesiastical History, ed.-tr. by Kirsopp Lake, New York, Putnam: 1946. Soures :http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading_%28process%29
a goal or reason for doing sth The purpose of the speech was to give people more information.; I went with the purpose of apologizing. propose or intend "I aim to arrive at noon" reading reading is for pleasure you may read quickly, with few breaks and without worrying about having to recall details later. By contrast, when consulting an instruction manual you may read only one or two paragraphs, but you read them very carefully, making sure you understand the details. When reading complex material, since your objective is to understand it as well as possible, you will need to adapt your reading style to this purpose. The topics on the left hand side of this page introduce you to some recognised reading styles, so that you can be more aware of your own approach, and thereby improve your study strategies.
Adopted from: Melito of Sardis, On Pascha and Fragments, ed.-tr. by S. G. Hall, Oxford: 1979. 3-61.
purpose a goal or reason for doing sth The purpose of the speech was to give people more information.; I went with the purpose of apologizing. the reason for which something exists or is done, made, etc. http://www.definitions.net/definition/purpose Reading Reading is typically an individual activity, although on occasion a person will read out loud for the benefit of other listeners. Reading aloud for one's own use, for better comprehension, is a form of intrapersonal communication. Reading to young children is a recommended way to instill language and expression, and to promote comprehension of text. Before the reintroduction of separated text in the late Middle Ages, the ability to read silently was considered rather remarkable. See Alberto Manguel (1996) A History of Reading. New York: Viking. The relevant chapter (2) is posted online here. Reading is the third of the four language skills, which are: 1. Listening 2. Speaking 3. Reading 4. Writing What Is Reading? Guide To Reading For English Learners Why reading is important and how you can do it better. The English Alphabet How to recognize English letters Aa to Zz. Reading Test Check how well you understand written English with this online test. Classic English Reading Here are some short, famous texts to read in English from classic sources like the Bible or Shakespeare. There are word definitions and explanations to help you.
Davis (1995:133) defines reading into five purposes,which are reading for pleasure, for general impression, for organizing reading and study,for learning content or procedures, and the last for language learning.
Reading for pleasure means that it is purpose to follow narrative, and enjoy the 'sound' and rhythm or rhyme of a literary text. Reading for general impression is meant to gain an idea of the writer's viewpoint, and an overall impression of the 'tone' of a text. Reading for organizing reading and study is to identify the important content of a text, answer the spesific questions and decide which section of a text to start studying. Reading for learning content or procedures means that it is aimed to gain an understanding of new concepts, to learn certain facts from a text, and to follow instructions. Reading for language learning means that it is aimed to 'translate' the text literally or metaphorically, to learn new vocabulary, to identify useful structures or collocations, to use the text as a model for writing and to practice pronunciation.
According to the expert's opinion, I can conclude that there are some reading purposes. In our daily life, usually we read the book for pleasure and for language learning.
According to Delene Sholes (2009),If Teachers want to teach students to read for different purposes.Sometimes it's OK to skip over an unknown word, and sometimes they need to read with a dictionary at their fingertips.
If students can get the general sense of a sentence or paragraph without knowing every word, there’s no need to interrupt their reading by using a dictionary to find the word’s meaning. Sometimes they will want to read through material quickly, but they will need to read more carefully when they are reading to learn.
Some Purposes for Reading :
1. for pleasure or for personal reasons 2. to find general information such as what a book is mostly about 3. to find a specific topic in a book or article 4. to learn subject matter that is required for a class
Once students have mastered the basic decoding skills, they will begin to read for a variety of purposes.
Adopted From : http://delene-sholes.suite101.com/reading-for-different-purposes-a91899#ixzz1s0C67zYT
Name : Susanto Nim : 2009.111.378 According to palgrave.com Reading for different purposes how to change quickly from one kind of reading to another.Browsing , Checking, Focusing in, Fact-finding, Background . From definition it can be The main purpose of reading is to understand - not to get through text at speed for the sake of it. 1. Browsing : looking over a text to see how it ‘feels’, whether it appears to be the right kind of book, what it contains that might be of use, getting a general feel of the contents. You often take in more information when browsing than you may think at the time. 2. Checking: looking in the contents or index to see whether the book contains specific information that you know you want - or which looks useful. 3. Focusing in: allowing yourself to read more closely when you spot something that looks more useful. It is also important to notice when the text is less useful, and to return to browsing. 4. Fact-finding: looking for specific facts and data. 5. Background: This is additional reading, which gives you a sense of the bigger picture. Select texts that are general and which you find inviting or easy to read. Read these selectively and at your own pace. This is best undertaken in vacations if possible.
Accordng to hopewilliam People read for different purposes in their daily lives. some people have the habit of reading newspapers or magazines. In their perusal of the newspapers, the most often used strategies, consciously or subconsciously, are skimming and scanning. They usually are very familiar with what type of information is availible on which page of a peice of newspaper.(some nespapers contain many sheets of papers in each issue.), and in their reading, they will most probably just ignore the pages that does not contain the information of their interest and will turn directly to the page which contains some column of their interest. for example, some sports-lovers will only look at the sports coulmn of a newspaper or buy some newpapers specialized in the reporting of sport events. Some females may be interested in sections on cosmetics and fashionable clothes, while some investment or speculation fenetics will check what valuable information there are on the financial part of a newspaper.
Some professionals and specialists have to frequently refer to some academic articles in their special fields of study. In their reading of these academic articles, they cherish some different purposes in their mind from that of those people who read newspapers just for fun, entertainment or pasttime. Information gleaned from multiple sources of academic research have to be synthesised, significant points have to be found out for comparision and contrast, and a framework, if possible, have to be developed by the professional or specialist in which different points and parts of information can be fiitted. So here the target of reading is more demanding than that in reading newpaper or magazines. A general grasp of the main ideas of an academic article in many cases is not enough, and the reader must go deeper and furthur in some specific parts of the article
Accordng to hopewilliam People read for different purposes in their daily lives. some people have the habit of reading newspapers or magazines. In their perusal of the newspapers, the most often used strategies, consciously or subconsciously, are skimming and scanning. They usually are very familiar with what type of information is availible on which page of a peice of newspaper.(some nespapers contain many sheets of papers in each issue.), and in their reading, they will most probably just ignore the pages that does not contain the information of their interest and will turn directly to the page which contains some column of their interest. for example, some sports-lovers will only look at the sports coulmn of a newspaper or buy some newpapers specialized in the reporting of sport events. Some females may be interested in sections on cosmetics and fashionable clothes, while some investment or speculation fenetics will check what valuable information there are on the financial part of a newspaper.
Some professionals and specialists have to frequently refer to some academic articles in their special fields of study. In their reading of these academic articles, they cherish some different purposes in their mind from that of those people who read newspapers just for fun, entertainment or pasttime. Information gleaned from multiple sources of academic research have to be synthesised, significant points have to be found out for comparision and contrast, and a framework, if possible, have to be developed by the professional or specialist in which different points and parts of information can be fiitted. So here the target of reading is more demanding than that in reading newpaper or magazines. A general grasp of the main ideas of an academic article in many cases is not enough, and the reader must go deeper and furthur in some specific parts of the article
Source by : http://bybk.pku.edu.cn/user1/hopewilliam/archives/2007/12968.html
Accordng to Pepi Noble Words are the fabric of our lives; they are the basis for critical analysis and creative thought; they give a richness to our communication, both written and spoken; they help us make decisions and solve problems. Words bring us joy through reading, singing, writing, talking, acting and playing.
But what about those who struggle with words, unable to read or write or spell? What about the fabric of their lives?
Today, September 8th, is International Literacy Day and I ‘d like to tell you about a program making a real difference to struggling readers, particularly those with dyslexia or serious difficulties with reading and/or written language. It’s called A Different Way In Reading Center, a not for profit organization, offering a NO COST after school program using Alphabetic Phonics, a multisensory structured language instruction (combining eyes, ears, muscles and voice) taught by clinically trained teachers. Interestingly enough it was founded three years ago on September 8th.
What exactly is dyslexia and how does Alphabetic Phonics help? According to teacher, Kathy Jensen, “People with dyslexia can’t figure out what the word says from what they can see. Students have to be taught how the language works for reading and spelling. They need to learn the letters and letter combinations and how each of them sounds in words. Subsequently we move on to the work of breaking long words into consistent pieces – the syllables, and then we teach each of the consistent pieces needed to learn the English language. We teach through reason, not rote memory. We teach them the reason reading behaves the way it does.”
The Center, based in Schenectady, NY, serves the Capital District area. Students are served one-on-one or in small groups, meet 1 hour three times a week. Both parents and students alike must make a 3 year commitment to the program.
Kathy provided these sample sentences to help you get the picture. Try your best to figure out what they say. Meybi riedong os nut es iesy es wi thonk. Vuwils can bi triechiruas.
For more information about the center please click on the FAQ page or contact the center at adifferentwayin@gamil.com or 518-945-8842
A literacy tip of the hat today to my friends at A Different Way In Reading Center, The Dictionary Project and The Literacy Site for the difference you make.
When you are really in a purpose and need to read an entire book before a meeting that's in, say, an hour, You'll hit the table of contents first, then breeze through as fast as possible, mostly just scanning. You do this in the hopes that You'll catch the important information or key words and be able to recall them when needed, with a little help. It works better than not reading the book.
You can take a month to read the same. For faster reading where you have to learn most of what's going on, you tend to read a paragraph or group of sentences, and process them as a whole. You don't think about the meaning of every sentence or phrase, you think about the meaning of every larger point. Depending on the situation or purpose, you can process a couple hundred pages in an hour or two.
On the purpose of speed reading is the actual reading time is significant compared to the time needed to understand the reading. Either the author is babbling unnecessarily, or reading something useless, reading for pleasure, but then that time is enjoyable, hence not wasted.
It depends on the material. Reading for academic purposes is reading to learn specific information, usually for exams or projects that will be evaluated, maybe from a textbook or research off the Internet. Reading for pleasure is reading just for fun, although you might like reading educational materials.
Nama : Susanto
ReplyDeleteNim : 2009.111.378
Reading Comprehension Concept
Reading is the process of constructing meaning from written texts. It is a complex skill requiring the coordination of a number of interrelated sources of information (Anderson et al., 1985).
Reading comprehension is techniques for improving students success in extracting useful knowledge from text. (Mayer, p 34)
As defined by Partnership for Reading (2005), Reading comprehension is understanding a text that is read, or the process of "constructing meaning" from a text. Comprehension is a "construction process" because it involves all of the elements of the reading process working together as a text is read to create a representation of the text in the reader's mind.
Reading comprehension - techniques for improving students' success in extracting useful knowledge from text (Mayer, p 34)
As defined by Partnership for Reading (2005), Reading comprehension is understanding a text that is read, or the process of "constructing meaning" from a text. Comprehension is a "construction process" because it involves all of the elements of the reading process working together as a text is read to create a representation of the text in the reader's mind.
References :
Mayer, Richard. (2003). Learning and Instruction. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.
"Partnership for Reading." http://www.nifl.gov/partnershipforreading/. Retrieved December 11, 2005.
Reading Comprehension is a context to understand how we read, so what the writers want to direct the reader to understand the message the author can understand the reader.
Name : Loris Pardiansah
ReplyDeleteN I M : 2010.375P
Reading comprehension
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Reading comprehension is defined as the level of understanding of a text. This understanding comes from the interaction between the words that are written and how they trigger knowledge outside the text.
Reading comprehension concept/type
· Comprehension monitoring
· Cooperative learning
· Multiple strategies
· Mental imagery / mnemonics
· Graphic organizers
· Summarization
· Semantic organizers including:
o story maps
o question answering
o question generation
Research on Reading Comprehension tells us that...
· Readers who comprehend well are also good decoders
o Teach decoding and word recognition strategies
· Time spent reading is highly correlated with comprehension
o Provide for lots of in-class reading, outside of class reading, independent reading
o Encourage kids to read more and read widely - develop a passion for reading
National Reading Panel (2000; see References)
Question:
· Does text comprehension instruction improve reading achievement?
Answer:
· Yes, but there have been relatively few studies conducted with children in grades K, 1, and 2.
· The NRP concluded that the instruction of cognitive strategies improves reading comprehension in readers with a range of abilities.
The National Reading Panel recommends:
· Question answering
· Comprehension monitoring
· Cooperative learning
· Graphic/semantic organizers/story maps
· Question generation
· Summarization
Name : Verawaty
ReplyDeleteNIM : 2009111186
According to Sholes (2009):
Some Purposes for Reading
• For pleasure or for personal reasons
• To find general information such as what a book is mostly about
• To find a specific topic in a book or article
• To learn subject matter that is required for a class
Reading is one of the activities that are beneficial, if someone likes to read anything be done to achieve that goal. Therefore it seems to me the purpose of reading every individual is different depending on the interest or a need for the reader to get information.
Adopted From:
Sholes, Delene (2007/ January 27th, 2007). Reading for Different Purposes. Retried From: http://delene-sholes.suite101.com/reading-for-different-purposes-a91899
name : Arny Octaria. P
ReplyDeleteNim : 2009 111 366
Reg : B
DIFFERENT PURPOSES OF READING
http://delene-sholes.suite101.com/reading-for-different-purposes-a91899
Some Purposes for Reading
for pleasure or for personal reasons
to find general information such as what a book is mostly about
to find a specific topic in a book or article
to learn subject matter that is required for a class
Another purpose for reading calls for reading carefully and slowly. When a student studies for a test, he will want to skim the book or chapter first to see what it covers. Then he will read the headings and subheadings to discover how the book is organized. He should try to make connections between the material and what he already knows.
Once the student has a general idea about the material he wants to learn, he will read the sections carefully. It’s a time to read with a dictionary close by and to check the glossary for words he doesn’t know. After reading the chapter or section carefully, the student will go back and review the material to see if he can answer questions about the text.
A reading strategy called SQ3R gives more information about a method for studying, asking and answering questions, and reviewing material.
Efficient readers have learned to use different strategies for different kinds of reading. They know when it’s OK to read quickly – skipping over some of the words, how to skim for general information, scan for specific information
References
Bruffee, K. A. (1984). Collaborative learning and the "conversation of mankind." College English, 46, 635-52.
Graff, G. (1992). Beyond the culture wars: How teaching conflicts can revitalize American education. New York: W.W. Norton.
Hidi, S., & Anderson, V. (1992). Situational interest and its impact on reading and expository writing. In K. A. Renninger, S. Hidi, & A. Krapp, Eds., The role of interest in learning and development (p. 215-38). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Krashen, S. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. Oxford: Pergamon.
Long, M. H., & Crookes, G. (1992). Three approaches to task-based syllabus design. TESOL Quarterly, 26, 27-56.
Nunan, D. (1993). Task-based syllabus design: Selecting, grading, and sequencing tasks. In G. Crookes, & S. Gass, Eds., Tasks in a pedagogical context: Integrating theory and practice. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Schiefele, U. (1992). Topic interest and levels of text comprehension. In K. A. Renninger, S. Hidi, & A. Krapp, Eds., The role of interest in learning and development (p. 151-82). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Schraw, G., & Dennison, R.S. (1994). The effect of reader purpose on interest and recall. Journal of Reading Behavior, 26, 1-17.
Name :Lusi Hartiyas
ReplyDeleteNIM :2009 111 240
DIFFERENT PURPOSES OF READING
According to Elizabeth K Knutson. U.S. Naval Academy, (dec 1998), different purposes of reading the text, having a purpose means having a reason to read and approaching a text with a particular goal in mind, whether that goal involves learning or entertainment. In both real worl and classroom situations, purpose affects the reader's motivation, interest and manner of reading.
So, different purpose of reading is depending on the goals we read before we read when we read we must first have reason to what we read, and we strive to obtain our goal. Differences in the purpose of reading jugadi influenced by the situation, motivation, and also the way we read.
Elizabeth K Knutson. U.S. Naval Academy, (dec 1998),Reading with a Purpose: Communicative Reading Tasks for the Foreign Language Classroom, retrived from http://www.cal.org/resources/digest/reading_digest.html. december 1998.
Name : SILVIA WULAN SARI
ReplyDeleteNIM : 2009 111 104
Class / Semester : Regular B / 6
DIFFERENT PURPOSES OF READING
According to Delene Sholes ( 2009 ) there are some of purposes of reading such as :
• for pleasure or for personal reasons
• to find general information such as what a book is mostly about
• to find a specific topic in a book or article
• to learn subject matter that is required for a class.
From the explanation, it can be stated that there are some different purposes of reading such as for looking for pleasure, to get important information, to get the main idea from a book or article and as the material to learnt.
Adopted from :
Sholes, Delene.( 27 January 2009 ). Different Purposes of Reading. Retrieved from : http://delene-sholes.suite101.com/reading-for-different-purposes-a91899
Name : Yulianti
ReplyDeleteNIM : 2009 111 046
THE DIFFERENCE PURPOSES OF READING
According to wiki-answer (2012) Some different purposes of reading could be:
- To be entertained
- To complete a task
- To obtain information
- To analyze
From the explanation above, it can be concluded that there are many purposes of reading text, it can be for pleasure, such as reading short story or novel. then, it can be for completing the task or exercises, it means after reading, we find out the answer from the reading to complete any exercises from reading text. Next, the purpose of reading can be for getting information, either specific or general information, such as; reading a journal, schedule or reading a contract. The last purpose of reading is analyzing, it means, after reading a text, we can analyze the text, for example reading an advertisement, after that, we can analyze is the product good or bad.
According to Delene Sholes(2009), some Purposes for Reading are:
- For pleasure or for personal reasons
- To find general information such as what a book is mostly about
- To find a specific topic in a book or article
- To learn subject matter that is required for a class
After reading Delene's opinion, we can conclude that the first purpose of reading is for pleasure, it means we can find happiness from the reading activity, the second, the purpose is finding general information, we can do this reading by using skimming strategy to obtain the goal of reading.
Then, we can find a specific topic, not only topic but also we can find specific information from book or article. And the last, the purpose of reading is learning the subject that we need. it means we can read the reading text to learn the subject that we need to study.
Sources:
Sholes Delene(2009).SOME PURPOSES FOR READING.Retrieved from: http://delene-sholes.suite101.com/reading-for-different-purposes-a91899
Sources:
WIKI-ANSWER (2012).Describe the different purposes.retrieved from:http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Describe_the_different_purposes_you_could_have_for_reading#ixzz1rdxK1kx8
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeletename : rindi oktaria
ReplyDeletenim :2009 111 349
DIFFERENT PURPOSE OF READING
according to Stella Cottrell (2008) will need to know how to change quickly from one kind of reading to another.
1. Browsing : looking over a text to see how it ‘feels’, whether it appears to be the right kind of book, what it contains that might be of use, getting a general feel of the contents. You often take in more information when browsing than you may think at the time.
2. Checking: looking in the contents or index to see whether the book contains specific information that you know you want - or which looks useful.
3. Focusing in: allowing yourself to read more closely when you spot something that looks more useful. It is also important to notice when the text is less useful, and to return to browsing.
4. Fact-finding: looking for specific facts and data.
5. Background: This is additional reading, which gives you a sense of the bigger picture. Select texts that are general and which you find inviting or easy to read. Read these selectively and at your own pace. This is best undertaken in vacations if possible.
from the explanation, there are some step to change quickly from the reading to another.and make easy one.
adopted from :
Cootrell, Stella (22 febuary 2008) .Different Purposes of reading. Retrived from : http://www.palgrave.com/skills4study/studyskills/learning/reading.asp
http://www.palgrave.com/products/title.aspx?PID=281267
RITA NAULI
ReplyDelete2009 111 371
REGULER B
According to WikiAnswers, there are some purposes of reading:
1. Read for understanding. Studying involves reading to comprehend
concepts and details.
From the definition, it can be stated read for understanding is
between comprehend concepts and details to depend on each other.
2. Read to evaluate critically.
It’s mean critical evaluation need a comprehend.
3. Read for practical application.
From the statement, to bring together information for specific purpose.
4. Read for pleasure.
The material is easy understand and just for entertainment, for
example: magazine, novel, etc.
Resource:
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/which_of_the_four_reading_purposes_did_you_employ
Adopted from:WikiAnswers.(2012).which of four reading purpose didi you employ.Retrieved from: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/which_of_the_four_reading_purposes_did_you_employ
DeleteName : Ananda Tri Cahya Putri
ReplyDeleteNIM : 2009111332
Different Purposes of Reading
As stated by Grellet (1992: 4), there are two purposes for reading viewed from the reason as follows:
1) Reading for pleasure
2) Reading for information (in order to find out something or in order to do something with the information the reader get).
Adopted from: Grellet, Francoise. 1981. Developing Reading Skill. Retrived from http://books.google.co.id/books?id=fE8JDzVyTLIC&printsec=frontcover&dq=inauthor:%22Fran%C3%A7oise+Grellet%22&hl=id&ei=nnCGT937M8H5rAfl3e3JBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=book-thumbnail&resnum=1&ved=0CC8Q6wEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false
Another purpose for reading stated by Carnine, Silbert and Kameenui (1990: 45-46):
1) To be able to identify and remember specific facts or a main idea
2) To be able to follow instructions to reach a goal
3) To enjoy
4) To be able to explain the content of a passage to someone else
5) To be able to accommodate the content into the reader’s schema
6) To critique the logic or data presented in a passage
7) To edit a passage according to stylistic and organizational criteria
8) To study according to an assignment or test requirements.
Adopted from Carnine, Douglas.; Silbert, Jerry; and Kameenui, J. Edward. 1990. Direct Instruction Reading. Retrieved from http://books.google.co.id/books?ei=9HGGT4y9EsvKrAeUkYToBg&hl=id&id=w_olAQAAIAAJ&dq=Carnine%2C+Silbert+and+Kameenui+1990&q=reading+purposes#search_anchor
From the explanation above, I concluded that actually there are only two purposes why we read. The first because we want to find some important information that we need. For example, now, as a college I have to search some information that related to my lesson. And after that, after I get bored face so many books, i need something to make my brain fresh again. So, i read a comic. And that is why, the second purpose in reading is for pleasure, for enjoyment. Because when we read it, it brings happiness. Moreover for me... ;)
NAME : SISKA APRILIA
ReplyDeleteNIM : 2009 111 194
DIFFERENT PURPOSES OF READING
According to Davies (1995: 133-134), there are some purposes of reading, they are namely:
1. Reading for pleasure :
The reader can to follow a narrative and enjoy the ‘sound’ and rhyme of a literary text.
2. Reading for a general impression :
The reader gain an idea of the writer’s viewpoint, an overall impression of the ‘tone’ of a text, then decide whether or not to read the text.
3. Reading for organizing reading and study :
The reader can to identify the important content of a text, answer a specific question(s), and decide which selection of a text to a start studying.
4. Reading for learning content or procedures :
The reader gain an understanding of a new concepts, learn certain facts from a text, and follow instruction.
5. Reading for learning language :
The reader can to translate the text, literally or metaphorically, learn new vocabulary, identify useful structures or collocation, use the text as a model for writing, and then practice pronunciation.
Adopted from:
Davies.(1995).The Purposes of Reading. Retrieved from: http://sibungsuinred.blogspot.com/2012/03/c-purposes-of-reading.html
NAME : MEITA DWI PUTRI
ReplyDeleteNIM : 2009.111.126
-DIFFERENT PURPOSES OF READING-
Grabe and Stoller (2002) categorize seven purposes of reading such as:
1. Reading to search for simple information
It means that the reader reads text to get specific information that he/she needs. Usually, the reader has question in mind, so he/she read text which has correlation with his/her question to get the answer.
2. Reading to skim quickly
In this case, the reader reads text to find out the general idea of text without spends much time.
3. Reading to learn from texts
Reading to learn from texts means that reading to get knowledge and understanding of the information of texts.
4. Reading to integrate information
It means that the reader reads text to integrate the information of text with the information of another text to conclude a complex information.
5. Reading to write
Reading to write means that reading to find out information that the reader needs for his/her writing.
6. Reading to critique texts
It means that the reader read text because he/she wants to observe the text. He/She reads the text to find out the error of text or to compare his/her opinion with the information in text.
7. Reading for general comprehension
Reading for general comprehension means that reading to get general information of text by connect the reader’s previous knowledge with the information of text.
Resource:
Grabe, & Stoller. (2002). Reading and Purposes of Reading. Retrieved from: http://repository.upi.edu/operator/upload/t_ing_0808350_chapter2.pdf
Name : Tirta Widyanata
ReplyDeleteNIM : 2009 111 132
>> DIFFERENT READING OF PURPOSES <<
According to Grabe and Stoller (2001) in academic settings, we read a variety of purposes such as, read to search for information, read for generl comprehension, read to learn a new information, and read to synthesize and evaluate information.
Based on the explanation above, we can conclude that every people have the different purpose in reading. Before we read something book, we must know what we want to get from that book or what is our purpose. For examples, when we read a sains book, it means that we want to get a new knowledge from that book, and when we read a novel, it means that we just want to get pleasure from that book.
Adopted from :
Grabe, William and Stoller, Fredricka L. 2001. Reading for Academic Purposes. Retrieved from : http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu
NAME : NOVARIA OCTAVIANTY
ReplyDeleteNIM : 2009111081
" DIFFERENT PURPOSES OF READING "
According to Delene Sholes (2009), If Teachers want to teach students to read for different purposes.Sometimes it's OK to skip over an unknown word, and sometimes students need to read with a dictionary at their fingertips.If students can get the general sense of a sentence or paragraph without knowing every word, there's no need to interrupt their reading by using a dictionary to find the word's meaning.
Some Purposes For Reading :
1. For pleasure or for personal reasons
2. To find general information such as what a book is mostly about
3. To find a specific topic in a book or article
4. To learn subject matter that is required for a class
Once students have mastered the basic decoding skills, they will begin to read for a variety of purposes.Another purpose for reading carefully and slowly. when a student studies for a test, students will want to skim the book or chapter first to see what it covers.then students will read the headings and subheadings to discover how to the book is organized.Students should try to make connections between the material and what students already knows.
Resource :
Reading For Different Purposes : Strategies For Reading Different Kinds of Materials , Suite 101.com http://delene-sholes,Suite 101.com/reading-for-different-purposes-a91899#ixzz1rvMsW3R1.
NAME : SUSILAWATI
ReplyDeleteNIM : 2009.111.062.P
DIFFERENT PERPOSES OF READING
Sometimes we want to read through material quickly, but we will need to read more carefully when they are reading to learn.
Some Purposes for Reading:
for pleasure or for personal reasons
to find general information such as what a book is mostly about
to find a specific topic in a book or article
to learn subject matter that is required for a class
Read more at Suite101: Reading for Different Purposes: Strategies for Reading Different Kinds of Materials | Suite101.com http://delene-sholes.suite101.com/reading-for-different-purposes-a91899#ixzz1rzfmrTHu
Name : Risnayanti
ReplyDeleteNIM : 2009111323
Different purposes of Reading
In proposing reading, Wallace (1996: 6-7) states three purposes. Those are:
1) Reading for survival
2) Reading for learning
3) Reading for pleasure
According to Wallace, we can conclude that reading has three purposes. It means we read to get the comprehension of the reading text.The comprehension is suitable with our need.In general, we have three needs of reading. They are Reading for survival, reading for learning and reading for pleasure.
In my opinion, reading purposes influences to the strategy of reading. If we read for learning we should read the text line by line. And we must understand the whole of the text. But, if we read for pleasure we can read only for the specific things that can makes us happy and get the pleasure.
Source
Adopted from: Wallace, Catherin. 1996. Reading. Retrieved from: http://books.google.co.id/books?id=haiwBOFuVm0C&pg=PA3&dq=reading+purposes&hl=id&sa=X&ei=xQyJT-riKozIrQfuhtW-Cw&ved=0CEkQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=reading%20purposes&f=false
NAMA : AMARIA
ReplyDeleteNIM : 2009 111 328
purpose
an intended or desired result; aim; goal.
the quality of being determined to do or achieve something; firmness of purpose
"his determination showed in his every movement"; "he is a man of purpose"
Reading
Reading is a city in southeastern Pennsylvania, USA, and seat of Berks County.[1] Reading is the principal city of the Greater Reading Area and had a population of 88,082 as of the 2010 census, making it the fifth most populated city in the state, after Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Allentown and Erie,[2] and the sixth most-populous municipality.[3][4]
Overlooking the city on Mount Penn is Reading's symbol, a Japanese-style pagoda visible from almost everywhere in town and referred to locally as "The Pagoda". Built in 1908 as a hotel and restaurant, it remains a popular tourist attraction.
Another fixture to Reading's skyline is the William Penn Memorial Fire Tower; One mile from the Pagoda on Skyline Drive. Built in 1939 for fire department and forestry observation, the tower is 120 feet tall, and 950 feet elevation above the intersection of fifth and Penn Streets. From the top of the tower is a 60 mile panoramic view.
Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading,_Pennsylvania
NAMA : NAZMIRA AZ ZAHRA
ReplyDeleteNIM : 2009 111 031
purpose
Is practical result or effect:
to act to good purpose.
that which a person sets before himself as an object to be reached or accomplished; the end or aim to which the view is directed in any plan, measure, or exertion; view; aim; design; intention; plan
Reading
Reading is a complex cognitive process of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension). It is a means of language acquisition, of communication, and of sharing information and ideas. Like all language, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated. The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading_%28process%29
Bainbridge, Joyce; Malicky, Grace (2000). Constructing meaning: balancing elementary language arts. Toronto Canada: Harcourt. ISBN 0-7747-3660-7.
NAMA : KARLINDAH
ReplyDeleteNIM : 2009 111 267.
Definition of 'purpose'
purpose
a goal or reason for doing sth
The purpose of the speech was to give people more information.; I went with the purpose of apologizing. the reason for which something exists or is done, made, etc.
http://www.definitions.net/definition/purpose
Reading
Reading is typically an individual activity, although on occasion a person will read out loud for the benefit of other listeners. Reading aloud for one's own use, for better comprehension, is a form of intrapersonal communication. Reading to young children is a recommended way to instill language and expression, and to promote comprehension of text. Before the reintroduction of separated text in the late Middle Ages, the ability to read silently was considered rather remarkable. See Alberto Manguel (1996) A History of Reading. New York: Viking. The relevant chapter (2) is posted online here.
Reading is the third of the four language skills, which are:
1. Listening 2. Speaking
3. Reading 4. Writing
What Is Reading?
Guide To Reading For English Learners
Why reading is important and how you can do it better.
The English Alphabet
How to recognize English letters Aa to Zz.
Reading Test
Check how well you understand written English with this online test.
Classic English Reading
Here are some short, famous texts to read in English from classic sources like the Bible or Shakespeare. There are word definitions and explanations to help you.
Adopted from: Eusebius of Caesarea, The Ecclesiastical History, ed.-tr. by Kirsopp Lake, New York, Putnam: 1946.
Soures :http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading_%28process%29
NAMA : YUYUN MURNIASIH
ReplyDeleteNIM : 2009 111 367
Definition of 'purpose' y
a goal or reason for doing sth
The purpose of the speech was to give people more information.; I went with the purpose of apologizing. propose or intend
"I aim to arrive at noon"
reading
reading is for pleasure you may read quickly, with few breaks and without worrying about having to recall details later. By contrast, when consulting an instruction manual you may read only one or two paragraphs, but you read them very carefully, making sure you understand the details.
When reading complex material, since your objective is to understand it as well as possible, you will need to adapt your reading style to this purpose.
The topics on the left hand side of this page introduce you to some recognised reading styles, so that you can be more aware of your own approach, and thereby improve your study strategies.
Adopted from: Melito of Sardis, On Pascha and Fragments, ed.-tr. by S. G. Hall, Oxford: 1979. 3-61.
http://www.humanities.manchester.ac.uk/studyskills/essentials/reading/reading_styles.html
NAMA : KARLINDAH
ReplyDeleteNIM : 2009 111 267.
Definition of 'purpose'
purpose
a goal or reason for doing sth
The purpose of the speech was to give people more information.; I went with the purpose of apologizing. the reason for which something exists or is done, made, etc.
http://www.definitions.net/definition/purpose
Reading
Reading is typically an individual activity, although on occasion a person will read out loud for the benefit of other listeners. Reading aloud for one's own use, for better comprehension, is a form of intrapersonal communication. Reading to young children is a recommended way to instill language and expression, and to promote comprehension of text. Before the reintroduction of separated text in the late Middle Ages, the ability to read silently was considered rather remarkable. See Alberto Manguel (1996) A History of Reading. New York: Viking. The relevant chapter (2) is posted online here.
Reading is the third of the four language skills, which are:
1. Listening 2. Speaking
3. Reading 4. Writing
What Is Reading?
Guide To Reading For English Learners
Why reading is important and how you can do it better.
The English Alphabet
How to recognize English letters Aa to Zz.
Reading Test
Check how well you understand written English with this online test.
Classic English Reading
Here are some short, famous texts to read in English from classic sources like the Bible or Shakespeare. There are word definitions and explanations to help you.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading_%28process%29
THE DIFFERENT PURPOSES OF READING
ReplyDeleteDavis (1995:133) defines reading into five purposes,which are reading for pleasure, for general impression, for organizing reading and study,for learning content or procedures, and the last for language learning.
Reading for pleasure means that it is purpose to follow narrative, and enjoy the 'sound' and rhythm or rhyme of a literary text. Reading for general impression is meant to gain an idea of the writer's viewpoint, and an overall impression of the 'tone' of a text. Reading for organizing reading and study is to identify the important content of a text, answer the spesific questions and decide which section of a text to start studying. Reading for learning content or procedures means that it is aimed to gain an understanding of new concepts, to learn certain facts from a text, and to follow instructions. Reading for language learning means that it is aimed to 'translate' the text literally or metaphorically, to learn new vocabulary, to identify useful structures or collocations, to use the text as a model for writing and to practice pronunciation.
According to the expert's opinion, I can conclude that there are some reading purposes. In our daily life, usually we read the book for pleasure and for language learning.
Name : Sri Ningsih
NIM : 2009111359
NAME : NOVARIA OCTAVIANTY
ReplyDeleteNIM : 2009111081
"DIFFERENT PURPOSES OF READING"
According to Delene Sholes (2009),If Teachers want to teach students to read for different purposes.Sometimes it's OK to skip over an unknown word, and sometimes they need to read with a dictionary at their fingertips.
If students can get the general sense of a sentence or paragraph without knowing every word, there’s no need to interrupt their reading by using a dictionary to find the word’s meaning. Sometimes they will want to read through material quickly, but they will need to read more carefully when they are reading to learn.
Some Purposes for Reading :
1. for pleasure or for personal reasons
2. to find general information such as what a book is mostly about
3. to find a specific topic in a book or article
4. to learn subject matter that is required for a class
Once students have mastered the basic decoding skills, they will begin to read for a variety of purposes.
Adopted From :
http://delene-sholes.suite101.com/reading-for-different-purposes-a91899#ixzz1s0C67zYT
Name : Susanto
ReplyDeleteNim : 2009.111.378
According to palgrave.com Reading for different purposes
how to change quickly from one kind of reading to another.Browsing , Checking, Focusing in, Fact-finding, Background .
From definition it can be The main purpose of reading is to understand - not to get through text at speed for the sake of it.
1. Browsing : looking over a text to see how it ‘feels’, whether it appears to be the right kind of book, what it contains that might be of use, getting a general feel of the contents. You often take in more information when browsing than you may think at the time.
2. Checking: looking in the contents or index to see whether the book contains specific information that you know you want - or which looks useful.
3. Focusing in: allowing yourself to read more closely when you spot something that looks more useful. It is also important to notice when the text is less useful, and to return to browsing.
4. Fact-finding: looking for specific facts and data.
5. Background: This is additional reading, which gives you a sense of the bigger picture. Select texts that are general and which you find inviting or easy to read. Read these selectively and at your own pace. This is best undertaken in vacations if possible.
http://www.palgrave.com/skills4study/studyskills/learning/reading.asp#purposes
Name : Yayan Aprianto
ReplyDeleteNim : 2009.111.106
"DIFFERENT PURPOSES OF READING"
Accordng to hopewilliam People read for different purposes in their daily lives. some people have the habit of reading newspapers or magazines. In their perusal of the newspapers, the most often used strategies, consciously or subconsciously, are skimming and scanning. They usually are very familiar with what type of information is availible on which page of a peice of newspaper.(some nespapers contain many sheets of papers in each issue.), and in their reading, they will most probably just ignore the pages that does not contain the information of their interest and will turn directly to the page which contains some column of their interest. for example, some sports-lovers will only look at the sports coulmn of a newspaper or buy some newpapers specialized in the reporting of sport events. Some females may be interested in sections on cosmetics and fashionable clothes, while some investment or speculation fenetics will check what valuable information there are on the financial part of a newspaper.
Some professionals and specialists have to frequently refer to some academic articles in their special fields of study. In their reading of these academic articles, they cherish some different purposes in their mind from that of those people who read newspapers just for fun, entertainment or pasttime. Information gleaned from multiple sources of academic research have to be synthesised, significant points have to be found out for comparision and contrast, and a framework, if possible, have to be developed by the professional or specialist in which different points and parts of information can be fiitted. So here the target of reading is more demanding than that in reading newpaper or magazines. A general grasp of the main ideas of an academic article in many cases is not enough, and the reader must go deeper and furthur in some specific parts of the article
Name : Yayan Aprianto
ReplyDeleteNim : 2009.111.106
"DIFFERENT PURPOSES OF READING"
Accordng to hopewilliam People read for different purposes in their daily lives. some people have the habit of reading newspapers or magazines. In their perusal of the newspapers, the most often used strategies, consciously or subconsciously, are skimming and scanning. They usually are very familiar with what type of information is availible on which page of a peice of newspaper.(some nespapers contain many sheets of papers in each issue.), and in their reading, they will most probably just ignore the pages that does not contain the information of their interest and will turn directly to the page which contains some column of their interest. for example, some sports-lovers will only look at the sports coulmn of a newspaper or buy some newpapers specialized in the reporting of sport events. Some females may be interested in sections on cosmetics and fashionable clothes, while some investment or speculation fenetics will check what valuable information there are on the financial part of a newspaper.
Some professionals and specialists have to frequently refer to some academic articles in their special fields of study. In their reading of these academic articles, they cherish some different purposes in their mind from that of those people who read newspapers just for fun, entertainment or pasttime. Information gleaned from multiple sources of academic research have to be synthesised, significant points have to be found out for comparision and contrast, and a framework, if possible, have to be developed by the professional or specialist in which different points and parts of information can be fiitted. So here the target of reading is more demanding than that in reading newpaper or magazines. A general grasp of the main ideas of an academic article in many cases is not enough, and the reader must go deeper and furthur in some specific parts of the article
Source by : http://bybk.pku.edu.cn/user1/hopewilliam/archives/2007/12968.html
Name : SENTRA OKTOBERIA
ReplyDeleteNim : 2009 111 202
"DIFFERENT PURPOSES OF READING"
Accordng to Pepi Noble Words are the fabric of our lives; they are the basis for critical analysis and creative thought; they give a richness to our communication, both written and spoken; they help us make decisions and solve problems. Words bring us joy through reading, singing, writing, talking, acting and playing.
But what about those who struggle with words, unable to read or write or spell? What about the fabric of their lives?
Today, September 8th, is International Literacy Day and I ‘d like to tell you about a program making a real difference to struggling readers, particularly those with dyslexia or serious difficulties with reading and/or written language. It’s called A Different Way In Reading Center, a not for profit organization, offering a NO COST after school program using Alphabetic Phonics, a multisensory structured language instruction (combining eyes, ears, muscles and voice) taught by clinically trained teachers. Interestingly enough it was founded three years ago on September 8th.
What exactly is dyslexia and how does Alphabetic Phonics help? According to teacher, Kathy Jensen, “People with dyslexia can’t figure out what the word says from what they can see. Students have to be taught how the language works for reading and spelling. They need to learn the letters and letter combinations and how each of them sounds in words. Subsequently we move on to the work of breaking long words into consistent pieces – the syllables, and then we teach each of the consistent pieces needed to learn the English language. We teach through reason, not rote memory. We teach them the reason reading behaves the way it does.”
The Center, based in Schenectady, NY, serves the Capital District area. Students are served one-on-one or in small groups, meet 1 hour three times a week. Both parents and students alike must make a 3 year commitment to the program.
Kathy provided these sample sentences to help you get the picture. Try your best to figure out what they say. Meybi riedong os nut es iesy es wi thonk. Vuwils can bi triechiruas.
For more information about the center please click on the FAQ page or contact the center at adifferentwayin@gamil.com or 518-945-8842
A literacy tip of the hat today to my friends at A Different Way In Reading Center, The Dictionary Project and The Literacy Site for the difference you make.
Source : http://anoblepurpose.org/2011/09/08/a-reading-center-that-makes-a-difference/
Name; EMILDA KONTESA
ReplyDeleteNIM : 2009.111.381.
different purposes of reading
When you are really in a purpose and need to read an entire book before a meeting that's in, say, an hour, You'll hit the table of contents first, then breeze through as fast as possible, mostly just scanning. You do this in the hopes that You'll catch the important information or key words and be able to recall them when needed, with a little help. It works better than not reading the book.
You can take a month to read the same. For faster reading where you have to learn most of what's going on, you tend to read a paragraph or group of sentences, and process them as a whole. You don't think about the meaning of every sentence or phrase, you think about the meaning of every larger point. Depending on the situation or purpose, you can process a couple hundred pages in an hour or two.
On the purpose of speed reading is the actual reading time is significant compared to the time needed to understand the reading. Either the author is babbling unnecessarily, or reading something useless, reading for pleasure, but then that time is enjoyable, hence not wasted.
Source : http://ababasoft.com/speedreading/reading_purpose.html
Name; ARYANI
ReplyDeleteNIM : 2010.111.359.
different purposes of reading
It depends on the material. Reading for academic purposes is reading to learn specific information, usually for exams or projects that will be evaluated, maybe from a textbook or research off the Internet. Reading for pleasure is reading just for fun, although you might like reading educational materials.
source : http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20091121141359AAngcai